How is a short circuit defined?

A short circuit is defined as a path that allows current to flow directly between two points unintentionally. This happens when there is a fault in the circuit, creating a low-resistance pathway that bypasses the intended load or device. This results in a very high current flow, which can cause components to overheat, potentially leading to damage or even fires. Understanding this concept is critical for diagnosing electrical issues in automotive systems, as short circuits are one of the most common problems encountered.

This definition emphasizes the unintentional nature of the current flow, which is a key aspect that distinguishes a short circuit from other types of electrical connections, such as designed paths through resistors or electronic components intended to regulate or use the current.