The waveform of AC voltage is typically a what?

The waveform of AC voltage is typically a sine wave because this shape represents how voltage and current fluctuate over time in an alternating current (AC) system. In a sine wave, the voltage rises smoothly from zero to a maximum positive value, drops back through zero to a maximum negative value, and then returns to zero again, creating a smooth, oscillating pattern. This continuous and periodic change is ideal for efficiently powering electrical devices, as it allows for energy transfer in a consistent and balanced manner.

The sine wave is a fundamental aspect of AC electricity in power generation and distribution and is the most common waveform used in household power supplies. Other waveforms, like square waves or pulsed waves, might occur in specific applications, but they do not represent the typical behavior of AC voltage in standard electrical systems. For instance, while a square wave has rapid transitions without smooth oscillation, it is not suitable for the general flow of alternating current. Therefore, the sine wave's characteristics make it the correct representation of AC voltage.