What is the primary distinction between series and parallel circuits?

The primary distinction between series and parallel circuits lies in how the components are connected. In a series circuit, all components are connected end-to-end, forming a single path for the current to flow. This means that the current must pass through each component sequentially, and if one component fails or is removed, the entire circuit is broken and stops functioning.

The configuration of a series circuit results in the same current passing through all components, while the voltage across each component can vary depending on their resistances. This is a foundational concept in electrical circuits as it impacts how voltage and current behave in the overall system.

Understanding this distinction is crucial for diagnosing electrical issues in automotive systems, as different types of circuits have different implications for circuit behavior and troubleshooting.